Intermediate C++ Game Programming Tutorial 19

In this video Chili teaches us how to figure out what our polymorphic pointers are actually pointing to (aka "type discovery"). Just note that although we can do this, it is generally a weaksauce way to go about things. Virtual functions are 1000% more hype than type discovery bullshit. Oh yeah, we also finally see all the C++ style casts united.

Topics Covered

• dynamic_cast<T*> and dynamic_cast<T&>
• const_cast
• Overview of all C++ style casts
• RTTI with typeid()
• The type_info class

Video Timestamp Index

Tutorial 19

• Using dynamic_cast<new-type>(expression) to determine to what derived type a pointer to a polymorphic base type is actually pointing 0:54
  • A dynamic cast can be used on pointers and on references
  • To cast (from and to) a pointer, use
    if( DerivedClass* ptr_temp = dynamic_cast<DerivedClass*>(ptr_to_baseClassObject) )
    (note 1: if the cast fails, it will return a nullptr of the DerivedClass type)
    (note 2: nullptr is #defined to 0 and thus evaluates to false inside an if statement)
  • To cast (from and to) a reference, you can use
    DerivedClass& val_temp = dynamic_cast<DerivedClass&>(baseClassObject)
    (but that will throw an exception when the cast fails so it cannot be used inside an if statement)
  • A dynamic cast can be a costly operation (depends on the inheritance tree, nature of the cast, compiler)
  • Dynamic cast only works for types that have at least one virtual function (the operation needs information from the vtable)
• Using a static cast 6:20
  • Suppose: you have a polymorphic DerivedClass that has a nonvirtual member function Foo()
  • You have a pointer BaseClass* ptr = new DerivedClass to the polymorphic base class that you know points to the derived class
  • To call the derived class' member function, you can use a static cast to DerivedClass pointer static_cast<DerivedClass*>(ptr)->Foo();
  • ... or a static cast to DerivedClass referencee static_cast<DerivedClass&>(*ptr).Foo();
• WORK-IN-PROGRESS

Source Code

• Inheritance Github Repository
  

Note that the code for this video is in a different branch called "casting". You will not find it in the master branch.

See also

• Next in series (Tutorial 20)
• Intermediate C++ Game Programming Series